Екологія
Постійний URI для цього зібранняhttps://repositary.knuba.edu.ua/handle/987654321/1243
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Документ Development of Ukraine territory flooding processes; Its parameters and the influence on the environmental safety level(2014) Voloshkina, O.; Bereznitska, J.Shows the present state of development of flooding processes of Ukraine territory. Given filtration stages in the flooding the process of and methods of their calculation. The method of filtration resistance for calculating of the filtering in flooding process is analyzed. Shows the dependence between the development of flooding process and intensifying processes of landslides on Ukraine territory.Документ The risk assessment of threats from biological objects in environmental safety(2014) Kryvomaz, T.; Voloshkina, O.Necessity to present results of scientific research in an accessible form for proper interpretation by public and environmental safety experts has been shown. Myxomycetes ecology and metabolism to verify their safety for human health has been evaluated as an example. Bayesian methods for probability analysis is proposed to be used for risk assessment. The "Environmental safety passports of species" are recommended for evaluation of impact of each species on the environment, humans and other living organisms.Документ Environmental safety of a territory due to the dangerous processes of flooding(2017) Bereznitska, J.; Voloshkina, O.They determined the way the dangerous factors caused by the processes of flooding influence on environment and living conditions, they are the following: they estimated water resources quality, violation of water balance conditions on the flooded territories (the loss of drainage capacity of rivers and underground drainage formation), the process of activation of dangerous exogenous processes, they also theoretically grounded the necessity of correction of calculation method of filtration flow with the use of filtration resistance. On the basis of these researches they gave recommendations according the usage of widespread methods of filtration resistance for difficult geological conditions of water-bearing layer and stationary filtration flow near the facilities of engineering protection from flood. Mathematical model of forecasting of ground water level changes in aquifer with the level fluctuations in water receiver on conditions of three-ply water-bearing layer allows to make a reliable assessment and the forecast on flood level of a sloping hill which, in turn, allows to make promptly a managerial nature-green decision on provision of a territory with the necessary level of environmental safety. The method of estimation of individual risk on the built-over flooded territories by taking into account the slopping hills was improved.Документ Improvement of analysis of seasonal change of danger risk with consideration of the effect of solar cycle(2017) Ismailova, O.; Voloshkina, O.In this paper, an analysis of the influence of solar cycles on the seasonal change in rainfall and the possibility of a more accurate forecast of these changes were carried out. The territory of the Carpathian region of Ukraine was selected for research. The data collection, namely the numerical values of the amount of precipitation used, was carried out on the key hydrometeorological stations located within the above-mentioned territory. The obtained results allow estimating seasonal fluctuations of precipitation in the studied region more accurately. Also, this approach can be used for other areas as well.Документ A study of air pollution with formaldehyde along the highways in Kyiv city(2018) Voloshkina, O.; Sipakov, R.; Zhukova, O.; Bereznitska, J.The problem of air pollution in the cities of Ukraine was described. The methodology of calculation of hydrocarbon emission on automobile overpasses and crossroads of Kyiv was suggested. By the number of bands, the number of cars was determined. The calculation has shown that at the same time near 300 cars can be on the overpass during peak hours. The average concentration of formaldehyde according to the calculations and observation data in 2016 was presented.Документ Research of the use of “ecological niche” model for definition of production risk indicator(2018) Gunchenko, O.; Voloshkina, O.The issues of improving the methodology for determining the risk of labor activity using the model of «ecological niche» are considered in the presence of a number of harmful and dangerous factors for human beings in the production environment. The possibility of using an ecological niche for mathematical modeling and industrial risk indicators has been established, but it has been proved that it is necessary to consider that the response to one factor may depend on the influence of another of the existing harmful and dangerous production factors. This approach allows us to develop a multi-criteria mathematical model for determining the production risk, but it is necessary to take into account the changes in the parameters of the MHF, which complicates the problem, since the effects of the exceedances in the same percent are different for all harmful and dangerous production factors.Документ Assessment and forecast for the creation of photo-chemical smog over transport overpasses in Kyiv(2018) Sipakov, R.; Trofimovich, V.; Voloshkina, O.; Bereznitska, J.This article deals with the analysis of existing of smog situation formation over automobile overpasses and in places of substantial congestion of transport in large cities, for example, in Kyiv. A mathematical model consisting of two blocks – dynamic and kinetic, which allows determining the formation of the thermal dome of pollution and the concentration of hydrocarbon emissions in the air, depending on the number of working engines, is proposed. The kinetic block of the model allows determining the level of formaldehyde, as an indicator of the appearance of photochemical smog in conditions of atmospheric constancy. The concentration of emissions from motor vehicles in the air is calculated over the main transport overpasses of the city of Kyiv at their full load (peak hours).Документ About some features of forecasting masstransport processes in saturated - unsaturated media(2018) Telyma, S.; Voloshkina, O.The general methodic of forecasting the flow and moisture-salt transfer processes in saturated-unsaturated media on the base of the methods of mathematic modeling for case of the arbitrary vertical domains is proposed.The practical example of the solution the migration problem of pollutions at filtration from the irrigated channel to reservoir is demonstrated.Документ Impact of weather factors on the speed of the reaction of formaldehyde formation above motorway overpasses(Lviv Politechnica, 2018) Sipakov, R.; Trofimovich, V.; Voloshkina, O.; Bereznitskaya, Y.The analysis of the actual air condition in the city of Kyiv in the areas of big overpasses and crossroads shows that the average annual concentration of formaldehyde more than 3 times exceeds the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of this toxic substance. One of the most powerful sources of formaldehyde formation in the air of the city is motor vehicles. The role of weather factors in formaldehyde formation rate (K) depending on capacity of emissionsof internal combustion engines has been analyzed in this article. The equation for determining rate constant hasbeen obtained, which depends on the temperature in the city of Kyiv and on the value of effective energy activation of the mentioned process. The comparison of the calculated and measured values of the rate reaction constant in Observation Point (OP) No. 9 in the area of Leningradska square has been given. The conducted research gives the opportunity to assess and obtain forecasting data on atmospheric pollution and probability of smog situations emergence in Kyiv. The suggested methodology can be used for other cities in Ukraine where motor vehicles are the main indicator of photochemical smog emergence.Документ The Role of “Green Structures” in Reducing the Environmental Footprint of Urbocenoses(2018) Tkachenko, T.; Voloshkina, O.The modern problem of urbocenoses is associated with an increase of the environmental footprint, the main indicator of which is the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. One of the ways to reduce carbon emissions is to increase biomass through the «green structures». Nowadays, there are insufficient methods for calculating the accumulation of biomass and sequestration of CO2. As a result, new methodological approaches are proposed.