Transfer of Innovative Technologies
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Документ City Master Plan: Forecasting Methodology Problems (on the example of the Master Plans of Kyiv)(KNUCA, 2019) Pleshkanovska, A.The basic document for regulation of the settlement urban development is the Master Plan [1]. The legislative and regulatory framework for regulating the composition, content, approval and approval of this document is very extensive and is based on a broad basis of scientific research and practical experience of domestic and foreign specialists in this field. The larger the city, the more difficult it is to predict its continued existence. In this article the results of the analysis of historical-geographical, socio-demographic and legislative-normative aspects influencing the regulation of the city development issues (on the example of the historical and current master plans of the city of Kyiv) are covered. Also are outlined the peculiarities of the formation of the spatial organization of the city territory as a part of the master plans of Kyiv at different historical stages – prior the planning, the period of joining the Russian Empire, the Soviet and the present period. The evolution of models of spatial organization of the city territory is characterized. The master plans development periodicity is analyzed as well as a conclusion is made about the fallibility of the statutory requirement regarding the indefinite validity of the master plan of the settlement as a basic urban planning document. Population size (both actual and predicted) acts as a key indicator of settlement development. The article analyzes the dynamics of the population of Kyiv, identifies patterns of influence of positive and negative factors on this indicator, establishes faults between the actual and predicted population of Kyiv. The conclusion is made about the extreme complexity of forecasting the prospects for the development of urban systems. The reasons (accuracy of demographic forecasts, counter intuitive-ness of development of complex urban planning system, imperfection of legislative and regulatory base) of impossibility of full realization of master plans of settlements, in particular, of the city of Kyiv are considered. The recommendations on improvement of the legislative and normative base for development of settlements master plans are given. In particular, the return of the fixed term of the Master Plan, that does not exceed 20 years. The author's vision of promising directions of development and transformation of the spatial organization of the territory at the present evolutionary stage of its existence of the city of Kyiv is formulated. Namely – a cardinal complex reconstruction of the city.Документ Features of cadastral accounting and monitoring of water facilities in Ukraine(Lira-K, 2018) Petrakovska, Olga; Dubnytska, MarharytaPresents the peculiarities and problems of water bodies cadastral account in Ukraine. The results of analyses the regulatory framework in the field of water bodies monitoring and account in cadastre are presented. Authors compare approaches to the water objects classification of Ukrainian and European legislation and the science of hydrology. The article presents a consolidated list of types of water bodies with definitions in terms of cadastre. Authors consider objects classification of the cadastral systems according to their dimension, that is, the ability to simulate the real world object in a certain amount of spatialtemporal measurements. The system of water management authorities in Ukraine and distribution of responsibilities between them are also analyzed. Authors identified some problems such as mutual duplication of functions, and sometimes even conflicts over the division of powers between different executive bodies. The system of water objects state registration in Ukraine according to the current legislation is formalized. In particular, the systems for water objects account in Ukraine are analyzed in detail. Authors have sent information requests for public information to the authorities, that manage State Water Cadastre in Ukraine (the State Agency of Water Resources of Ukraine, the State Service of Ukraine for Emergency Situations, the State Service of Geology and Subsoil of Ukraine). On the basis of responses analysis the status of State Water Cadastre in Ukraine is investigated and its ability to carry out managerial tasks is evaluated. It is proved that water bodies account in existing twodimensional cadastral systems in principle cannot be complete and adequate, as water objects are three-dimensional in nature. Finally, authors recommend to develop a single, three-dimensional monitoring and account system for water objects in Ukraine.Документ Methods of determination of territorial resources in conditions of compacted urban development (using Kyiv as an example)(KNUCA,, 2018) Bakun, Kateryna; Pleshkanovska, AllaThe article highlights the results of the analysis of domestic and foreign experience of application of the applied coatings and a modifiеd typology of roofs based on their geometric and structural features is proposed. The following factors that influence taking the decision on the need and directions of the use of the used roofs are provided. On the basis of the analysis of the dynamics of the normative and actual indicators of urban development, the constant growth of the development density and growth of the lack of territory for greenery and other elements of the population service are proved. The described methods for the determination of the resource potential of urban areas are normative method, comparative and calculation method. A new calculation method for identifying potential territorial resources of micro districts, blocks or individual plots due to the use of exploited roofs in conditions of compacted urban development has been proposed. The mathematical model is based on taking into account the geometric type of the roof, type of historically originated development, its technical condition and the availability of the status of the cultural heritage monument. Coefficients for the calculation of the potential territorial resource have been experimentally determined. Based on the example of Kyiv, using GIS-technologies, a specialized database for identifying a potential territorial resource has been formed. The recommendations for placement on differеnt types of objects on the exploited roofs depending on the frequency of their visit and the cityplanning situation have been provided. The methodical scheme for the determination of a potential territorial resource due to the use of exploited roofs in the development of urban planning, design and land management documentation has been proposed.Документ Програма реконструкції застарілого житлового фонду Києва: досвід, проблеми та перспективи реалізації(KNUCA, 2020) Плешкановська, А.Реконструкція застарілої забудови (як окремих будинків, так і забудови кварталів в цілому) є об’єктом численних наукових досліджень і проектних розробок. Але, нажаль, не зважаючи на значний накопичений теоретичний досвід, на відміну від інших країн, в Україні ця проблема так і не отримала реального практичного впровадження. В Києві перша Програма реконструкції була розроблена в 1996 році (виконавець -«КиївПроектРеконструкція») і вже на той час 4,0 поверхової житлової забудови перших масових серій було віднесено до категорії, що підлягає знесенню. В 2008 році на виконання Закону України «Про комплексну реконструкції…» Інститутом Урбаністики (м. Київ) була розроблена «Міська програма комплексної реконструкції кварталів (мікрорайонів) застарілого житлового фонду», Проте, нажаль, економічна криза 2008 2009 років унеможливила розгортання її реалізації. Катастрофічний технічний стан, випадки спонтанної руйнації застарілих будівель обумовив необхідність повернення до проблеми реконструкції застарілої забудови. На замовлення Департаменту будівництва та житлового забезпечення виконавчого органу Київської міської ради (КМДА) в 2019 році розпочато розроблення нової «Програми комплексної реконструкції застарілого житлового фонду в місті Києві». Розроблення Програми включало три етапи (Рис. 1): підготовчий, дослідно-аналітичний та проектний. Виконавець І та ІІ етапів Роботи – Інститут Урбаністики (м. Київ); науковий керівник – Плешкановська А.М. При виконанні окремих розділів дослідно аналітичної частини підготовки Програми крім авторського колективу Інституту Урбаністики приймали участь науковці КНУБА, а саме: Устінова І.І., Кузнецова Д.С., Реутова О.Г, Бірюк С.П., Драпіковський О.І., Іванова І.Б.