Инжиниринг: эволюция понятия, компоненты и цели

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Ескіз
Дата
2015
Автори
Шапошнікова, Інна
Заголовок журналу
Журнал ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
Одеський національний університет імені І.І. Мечникова
Анотація
Рассмотрены и систематизированы ключевые составляющие понятия “инжиниринг”, собранные из различных научных и профессиональных источников. Показана трансформация смысловой нагрузки, вкладываемой в это понятие на протяжении ХІХ-ХХI веков. Проанализированы основные цели инжиниринга. Cформулировано уточненное определение инжиниринга на основе систематизации и обобщения обработанных данных.
Опис
The article treats and summarizes the knowledge on engineering. It is shown the transformation of the semantic load "engineering" during the XIX-XXI centuries. The work studies various engineering associations, which at different times have developed ethical conduct of consulting engineers, classification of engineering services, engineering services regulations and international agreements. A century ago engineering was understood as provision of engineers exclusively on the development of project documentation in the various sectors of the economy. Today it's a complete solution to any problems in the creation of modern infrastructure. Present engineering companies may accompany the project throughout of his life cycle - from the appearance of idea to liquidation. Engineering is a holistic integrated approach to solving problems of any size in various spheres. Engineering becomes a tool for the implementation of scientific achievements in practical life by its close association with science thereby improves the quality of human life. The key components of the concept of "engineering", collected from various academic and professional sources have been considered and systematized. The results of this analysis are tabulated. Based on systematized and generalized information improved definition of "engineering" had been developed. It was concluded that the key components of engineering are scientific, technical, technological, organizational, economic, complex and commercial. The main objective of engineering have been identified. It's solution of the problem as efficiently as possible with the technical, technological, organizational, economic, temporal and social points of view. This is achieved by the optimal choice of technical solutions, rational use of resources, organization and management methods.
Ключові слова
инжиниринг, инженерно-консультационные услуги, инженерные разработки, инжиниринговые организации, компоненты, цели инжиниринга, кафедра економіки будівництва
Бібліографічний опис
Шапошникова И. А. Эволюция концептуальных подходов к анализу сущности и структуры инжиниринга / И. А. Шапошникова // Вісник Одес. нац. ун-ту ім. І. І. Мечникова. - Одеса, 2015. - Т. 20, вип. 5. - С.157-162. - Бібліогр. : 25 назв. - (Серія "Економіка")
Зібрання