Vol. 17, No. 8
Постійний URI для цього зібранняhttps://repositary.knuba.edu.ua/handle/987654321/35
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Документ The solar component in the context of the inhabited areas microclimate regulation(KNUCA, 2015) Koziatnyk, IrynaSummer overheated modern city deteriorates living conditions in it. For this purpose, the climate formation is considered in three adjacent spatial levels: macroclimate of geographical area; mesoclimate of a certain location (southern slope of the mountain, river valley, the sea coast); microclimate of two-meter surface layer (at the level of the human body). These levels of different spatial scale have similar mechanisms of climate formation. The radiation temperature and wind conditions of the area are the main causes of the overheating. The specified information proposes to research the solar radiation and the surfaces to accumulate it. The urban landscape is predominated over by the surface, which significantly accumulate heat. Hence the surface layer of air in the city receives three times more heat than in the natural environment. Thus, microclimate is formed in the streets, squares, in a housing estate and city parks under the natural and city planning factors. The found that for balancing and softening of microclimate conditions for living and of effective impact on the heat, humidity and aeration regime of the modern city, it is desirable to achieve a ratio of 1:1 between its planting and artificial surfaces.Документ Principles and strategies of sustainable development of region(KNUCA, 2015) Ustinova, IrynaTo determine the principles and strategies of sustainable development the analysis of general trends in human development in ecophysical sense of this phenomenon were made. The following concepts were considered: ethnogenesis, ecosystem autoregulation, demographic and dynamics of urban development. The comparative analysis of general trends in ethnic-, eco-, demo- and urbosystem testified that based thermodynamic model, results in successive changes of phases and phase transitions. The notions of ethnic homeostasis", "stable population" and "balance in urban areas" expose the essence of the phenomenon of "ecological balance" in public and environment interaction. The considered development is an oscillatory process, where the criterion of “best” is excluded, where only the rhythm of change conditions, with more or less intensity, speed and capacity development exist. It is established that the regularity of selfregulation defines the development of urban areas as the environmental and urban systems. In this regard the development of these areas is purposeful and predictable and therefore is a manageable process with a given goal – the sustainable development in a range of ecological balance. The equilibrium is described by a ratio of 1:1 between population size and demographic capacity of the territory.